Types of Smith Machines
Smith machines are weight machines that have movable barbells attached. They are one of the most versatile types of weight equipment. Some of the more traditional versions look like weight racks. They can be used more for up-and-down motions like upright rows. Other Smith machines allow for exercises that must be performed at an angle. Most modern Smith machines can be used to work any body part.
History
An early version of the Smith machine was invented by fitness guru Jack La Lanne in the 1950's. His goal was mainly to build a sliding apparatus. By the late 1950's, Rudy Smith, a bodybuilder and executive in Vic Tanny's chain of gyms, hired Paul Martin to design a more versatile piece of equipment. Today, there are a number of models and brands tthat meet any home or gym requirements.
Types of Smith Machines
There are many brands of Smith machines including Yukon, Life Fitness, Body Solid and Nautilis. Many of these brands use different names for several models they sell. However, there are really just three main types of Smith machines: Basic, Angled and Angled with attachments. The basic Smith machine is a traditional model used strictly for up and down motions (i.e. bench press, bent over rows). Angled Smith machines enable you to do exercises like the incline bench press. They are also easier on the knees and back when doing squats. The third type of Smith machine is also Angled but has attachments. These machines can be used for just about any exercise.
Features
Most Smith machines have pull-up bar attachments, but some come with many other features including butterfly attachments, weight stacks, low and high-level cables and even prongs for weight plates. Home units even come with adjustable benches so you can do both flat and incline exercises. They also have attachments for leg extensions and leg curls. These home models enable you to do all of your exercises from your own basement or workout area.
Significance
Smith machines provide an alternative to free weight routines. Weightlifters can intersperse their exercise routines with different types of Smith machines. But there are even greater benefits for older bodybuilders or people with arthritis and knee problems. Smith machines limit the range of motion and do not require the use of stabilization muscles like free weights. This can be much easier on the joints. Some people who have trained for years are unable to use free weights without pain. The balancing that is required with free weight bench presses can aggravate shoulder, back and neck muscles and joints.
Expert Insight
Many bodybuilders feel that Smith machines limit their body movement to a single plane of motion. They also say that Smith machines do not build stabilizing muscles needed for coordination and balance. These are the muscles that athletes need to build to enhance their performance on the field.
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